Food cooking device



Sept. .1, 1942. R. SARDESON FOOD COOKING DEVICE Filed Aug. 4, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet l I avwe/wfoo Robert Sar deson R. SARDESON FOOD COOKING DEVICE Sept. 1, 1942.

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R. SARDESON FOOD COOKING DEVICE Filed Aug. 4, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet e Robert $ar'deson P 1942; RQSARDESON 2,294,695 7 FOOD COOKING DEVICE Filed Aug. 4, 1938 '7 SheetsSheet 7 A .8 PE 6) Robert $em'c1e son Patented Sept. 1, 1942 FOOD COOKING DEVICE Robert Sardeson, Minneapolis, Minn., assignor to Harold C. Genter, Miami Beach, Fla.

Application August 4, 1938, Serial No. 223,063

28 Claims. (01. 161-16) mechanism.

An object of the invention resides in providing an operating mechanism which operates independently of'thermostats and other heat controlled devices and in which compensation for variation in the temperature of the apparatus is positively procured.

A still further object of the invention resides in providing an operating mechanism which is controlled by mechanical'devices instead of thermal devices.

Another object of the invention resides in providing an operating mechanism which is controlled solely through time controlled devices.

An object of the invention resides in providing an operating mechanism utilizing two time controlled movable members in which one of the members is operated during the cooking period to determine the duration thereof and in which the other is operated during the period of rest to vary the succeeding period of operation of the first member. Other objects of the invention reside in the novel combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter illustrated and/or described.

While my invention may be used in various food cooking devices, I have for the sake of illustration disclosed the invention as embodied in a bread toaster.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a plan view of a bread toaster with a portion of the same cut away and illustrating an embodiment of my invention. v

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. Land showing the parts in normal position.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the parts in altered positions.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Figs. 2 and 3 showing the parts in still d'iiferent positions.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view taken on line 5-5 of 'Fig. 1 and showing the parts in Fig. 3.

arranged as Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing the parts arranged as in Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary elevational sectional view taken on line 'I--'I of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 isan elevational detail sectional view taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 'I.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary plan sectional view taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevational sectional view taken on line III-l0 of Fig. 1.

In the compensation of cooking devices for reduction in cooking time occasioned by the rise in temperature of the cooking apparatus the customary practice has been to utilize thermostats and other thermally responsive members. Such construction has been found to be delicate in operation and generally unreliable and unsatisfactory. The present invention provides a device which entirely overcomes these disadvantages and objections. v

My invention comprises a frame A which is best shown in Figs. 1, 5 and 7. This frame carries at one portion of the same a toaster B and at another portion of the same a timing mechanism C for timing the operation of the toaster. At the locality of the said timing mechanism is provided a motor D and a suitable transmission E for operating the timing mechanism. The timing mechanism includes a time measuring device F and a time varying device G which operate in conjunction to procure toast of equal uniformity regardless of the length of time elapsing between the toasting operations or cycles. The toaster B includes a carriage H having suitable bread racks on which the bread is carried and which are adapted to be lowered to positions adjacent the heating elements of the toaster and to be raised from the positions adjacent said elements to elevated positions when the toasting operation is completed. An elevating mechanism I operates to raise the bread carriage H. By means of an actuating device J the time measuring device F and the time varying deviceG are set into operation. After the toasting has been completed the carriage H is released by means of a carriage release K. These various parts will now be described in detail.

The frame A comprises a base I I which may be constructed from sheet metal as a stamping, and which has a body portion l2 provided with a flange I3 depending therefrom. At the corners of the flange l3 the same projects downwardly to form feet H by means of which the base is supported. Frame A further includes three vertically The plate 42 overlies this slot.

the said plates and which have screwed upon the ends of them nuts 22. By means of this construction the respective plates are held in proper spaced relation and are attached one to the other. The assembly of plates thus formed is secured to I the body |2 of base II by means of clip angles 23 whch are bolted under the nuts 22 of certain of the rods l8 and I9 and by means of screws 24 which passthrough the body l2 and are threaded into said clip angles.

The toaster B is constructed in the? following manner: Extending across the two plates l and i6 are a number of supporting bars 26 which have flanges 21 overlying said plates and secured thereto by means of screws 28. These bars are spaced apart to form the toasting ovens, which, in the particular toaster illustrated, are two in number and are designated by the reference numerals 3| and 32. The bars 26 are drilled at suitable intervals as designated at 33 to receive guard wires 34 which extend downwardly from the facing marginal edges of the bars 26 and which define the space in which the bread to be toasted is disposed. Beneath the bars 26 are situated the various heating elements 35 which heat the toast ovens 3| and 32. These heating elements are supported on the body' |2 of base H and are held in position thereon by means of lugs 238 struck up from the same and are further held in position at their upper ends between the inner ends of the guard wires 34 and flanges 36 formed on the bars 26. A case 31 encloses the entire toaster and is constructed with two openings 38 and 39 in the upper portion of the same by means of which the bread may be inserted into the two ovens 3| and 32. The case 31 is received within a recess 46 in the base I] and is attached thereto by means of screws 4| which extend through said case and are threaded into the base The toaster B includes the bread carriage H which is best shown in Figs. 1 and 6, This carriage consists of a plate 42 which overlies the outer face of the plate |6 of frame A. In the plate I6 is formed a vertically extending slot 43. Extending through the plate 42 are two bolts 44 which have mounted upon them spacer sleeves 45 of a thickness slightly greater than the thickness of the plate l6. These sleevesare of a diameter such as to be snugly received in the slot 43 and sling:-

along the same serving to guide the carriage for vertical movement along said slot; Washers 46 ofia diameter somewhat greater than. the width of the slot 43 are. placed upon the bolts 44 and overlie the said plate upon the inner surface thereof. These washers in conjunction with the plate 42- hold the carriage H in position for vertical translatory movement along the slot 43. Nuts 41 screwed upon the ends of the bolts 44 clamp the parts together. The plate |6 is further constructed with two slots 48 and 49 which are parallel with the slot 43 and which are disposed on either side thereof. These slots lie opposite the two toast ovens-3| and 32. Within the two ovens 3| and 32 are provided two bread racks 5| and 52 on which the bread to be toasted rests. 'Inasmuch as both of these bread racks are identical in construction, only the 'bread rack 5i will be described in detail. This bread rack consists of a longitudinally extending grid 53 which is formed from a sheet of metal stamped to provide a centrally extending supporting member 54 and laterally disposed members 55 projecting therefrom.- The supporting members 55 are formednear their endswith holes 56 through which the guard wires 34 extend. The said guard wires flt loosely within the holes and are held in proper position by means of the same.

The center supporting member 54 of the rack 5| has a flange 51 bent downwardly therefrom which extends through the slot'48. This flange is turned back upon a portion of the plate 42 and is secured thereto by means of screws 6|. The rack 52 is constructed in the same manner and attached to the plate 42 in the same manner. It will thus be seen that, as the carriage H is raised and lowered, racks 5| and 52 are raised and lowered with it, the supporting members 55 thereof sliding along the guard wires 34.

The motor D is best shown in Figs. 3 and '1 and is preferably an electric motor. In the drawings such a motor has been shown which comprises a core 62 constructed of iron laminations secured together in the following manner. Two posts 1| are employed which have reduced ends 12 formed thereon which extend through the said laminations and are riveted over to secure the same in place. In addition a number of rivets 63 are also employed which serve to further hold the laminations in place. The posts 1| are attached to the plate |6 by means of screws 13 which extend through the said plates and are threaded into the said posts. The core 62 has mounted on it a coil 64 and is formed with pole pieces 65 and 66. Between these pole pieces is rotatably mounted an armature 61 which is carried by an armature shaft 68. This shaft is journaled in bearings 69 attached to the core 62 by means of one of the rivets 63 and one of the posts 1|. The particular type of motor illustrated is a shaded pole motor though it can readily be comprehended that any other type of motor may be used if desired.

The transmission E will now be described in detail. Attached to the armature shaft 68 of motor D is a spur pinion 14. This spur pinion meshes with a spur gear 15 fast on an arbor 18. Arbor 16 is journaled for rotation in bearings drilled in the two plates l6 and I1. The arbor 16 also carries a spur pinion 11. This spur pinion meshes with a spur gear 18 fast on another arbor 19. Arbor 19 is likewise journaled in bearings formed by drilling the two plates l6 and I1. This arbor carries a spur pinion 8| which meshes with a spur gear 82 fast on a sleeve 83. Sleeve 83 is journaled for rotation in a bearing 84 rigidly secured to plate l6. Within the sleeve 83 is mounted aspindle 85 which is formed at its outer end with an eccentric 86 and a flange 81 overlying the said eccentric. This spindle is threaded at its other end and is rigidly secured to the sleeve 83 by means of a nut 88 secured upon the end of the same. The eccentric 86 serves a purpose which will' be subsequently described in detail. The arbor 19 has This pinion meshes with a spur gear 92 which similar to the spur gear 82 is attached to a sleeve 93. Sleeve 93 is journaled in a bearing 94 secured to the plate l1.

tached thereto by means of a nut 96. Spindle 95 is similarly provided with an eccentric :91 and a flange 98 overlying said eccentric.

Thebread carriage H is elevated by means of A spindle 95, similar to the spindle 85, extends through the said sleeve and is at- 2,294,695 the elevating mechanism I which includes a ten sion coil spring 98 (Fig. 6) which is attached at its lower end to the lowermost of the bolts 44 position against the action of the spring 98 by means of a latching device best shown in Fig. 6. Issuing outwardly from the plate 42 is a lug 99. This lug is adapted to engage a catch IN on an arm I 02 pivoted to a stud I03 secured to the plate I6. .The arm I02 is formed with two stops I04 and I05 which are adapted to engage the body I2 of base H and to limit movement of the said arm. A leaf spring I06 secured to said base engages the stop I04 and urges the arm I02 into a position to cause the catch I M to engage the ing 99. When the carriage H is lowered the lug 99 engages the catch IOI, swings the arm I02 in a counter-clockwise direction until the said lug falls beneath the catch and is held in such position. The heating elements 35 are connected in an electrical circuit, not shown, which is energized by any suitable source of electric current. This circuit includes a switch indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral I01, best shown in Fig. 6. Switch I 01 includes a mounting block I of insulating material which supports two leaf springs I09 and I I I. 'These springs carry contacts H2 and H3 and are normally flexed so that the said contacts remain open. The leaf spring II I carries a cam II 4 which is adapted to be engaged by a corner II of the plate 42. When the said plate is lowered corner II5 swings the cam II4 toward the left and closes the circuit through the contacts I I2 and I I3 thus energizing the heating elements of the toaster. When the carriage H is subsequently released, as will be hereinafter more fully described, the plate Spring 2I6 moves segment. H6 in a counterclockwise direction. Upon the exterior of the plate I1. as best shown in Fig, 10, and attached to the shaft I26 is an arm I21. A tension coil spring I 28 is attached at one end to this arm and at its other end to a pin I29 secured to plate I1. This spring urges the detent I25 into engagement with the ratchet teeth I 1. As the eccenend of the teeth H1.

42 reaches the position shown in Fig. 3 in which the corner H5 is free from the cam H4 and the switch I01 is open. The closed position of the said switch and the relation of the cam and plate 42 are shown in Fig. 5.

The timing mechanism 0 includes both the time measuring device F and the time varying device E. The former will now be described in detail. This device is best shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Pivoted on a stud II2 secured to the plate I6 is a ratchet segment or wheel 6 which I have termed the time measuring ratchet segment. This segment has ratchet teeth I I1 thereon which are constructed so that the segment is moved in a clockwise direction. The segment H6 is operated by means of a, pawl II8 which is constructed with a head II 9 mounted on the eccentric 86 shown in Figs. 6 and '7. The pawl Illis urged into engagement with the ratchet teeth II1 by means of a leaf spring I2I which is secured to the base II as shown in Fig. 4.

This leaf spring is attached to the upper end of a post I22 which is formed with a shank I23 extending through the body I2 of base II. A nut I24 screwed upon the said shank holds the post I22 in position. A detent I25 operates in conjunction with the pawl I I8 to procure step-bystep movement of the ratchet segment I I 6. This detent is rigidly secured to a shaft I26 which is journaled at one end in a bearing drilled in the plate I6 and at its other end in another bearing drilled in the plate I 1. Segment H6 has attached to' it an arm 2I1 to which is hooked a tension coil spring 2I6. Thisspring is anchored at its other end to a pin 2I8 fast on plate I6.

tric 86 rotates the pawl H8 and detent I25 cooperate to give the segment II 6 a, step-by-step movement until the said detent I25 comes to the Thereafter the said segment merely rocks back and forth without advancing as long as motion is imparted to the pawl II8. Detent I25 and the pawl II8 are so constructed that when the said detent is moved in a manner to become disengaged from the ratchet teeth II1 pawl H8 is also engaged by said detent and simultaneously disengaged from the said ratchet teeth.

The elevating mechanism I is best shown in Figs. 5 and 6. This mechanism consists of an arm I3I which is pivoted on a stud I32 secured to plate I6. The spring 98, previously referred to, is attached at its upper end to the outer end of this arm. Arm I3I has pivotally secured to it, intermediate the ends thereof by means of another stud I33 a link I34. Link I34 depends from the arm I3I and is formed at' its lower end with a fork I35. Attached to the time measuring ratchet segment H6 is a pin I36 which is formed with a head I31 best shown in Fig. 1.

Head I31 is disposed on one side of said segment I36 and when the segmentII6 is moved in a clockwise direction said pin raises the arm I3I and tensions the spring 98. This provides the force by means of which the carriage H is subsequently elevated when the said carriageis released by disengagement of the ing 99 with the catch I 0I of arm I02.

The carriage release K operates in conjunction with the arm I02, the catch IN and lug 99 of plate 42 of carriage H. This feature of the invention is best shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and includes an abutment I38 which is secured on the time measuring ratchet segment 6. This abutment is adapted to engage a finger I39 on the arm I02 as the' said segment approaches its furthermost position. The device is so constructed that the pin I36 will have elevated the arm I3I sufiiciently to give the desired tension in the spring 98 necessary to raise the carriage H the required amount when the catch MI is disen- ,5 and 6. This device includes a time varying cam I 4| which has a cam surface I42. This cam surface is adapted to be engaged by the pin I36 and limits the swinging movement of the time measuring ratchet segment II6. When the cam MI is in one position, the segment II6 may travel throughout a greater are than when the said cam is in another position. Inasmuch as the detent I25 and pawl I I8 can start to act upon the ratchet teeth I I1 of segment H6 at any position of the same varying lengths of duration of operation of the said segment I I6 can hence be procured by II attached to plate".

varyingtheposition of cam HI and releasing the pawl II8 when the segment comes to rest. Cam I is moimted in the following manner. An arm I43 issum outwardly from said cam and is formed at its extreme end with a slot I44. This slot serves as a guide for pivotally and slidably mounting the end of arm I43 and receives a pin I45 which, when the device is in operation, is in fixed position and serves as a fulcrum on which the cam I4I oscillates, The pin I45 forms part of a manual adjustment for manually controlling the period of operation of the device and which I have referred to in its entirety by the reference character L and which will subsequently be more fully described The arm I43 is pivoted intermediate the ends thereof by means of a stud I45 to one end of a lever I41, best shown in Fig. 2. The other end of the lever I41 is pivoted on another stud I48 fixedly attached to the plate I1. The lever I41 .is constructed intermediate the ends thereof with a cam follower I48 which is adapted to engage a cam groove I5I formed in the periphery of a cam I52. Cam I52 is rigidly secured to a sleeve I53 which is rotatably mounted on a fixed stud I54 secured to plate I1. The lever-I41 is urged upwardly to maintain the cam follower I48 in engagement with the cam groove I5I of cam I52 by means of a helical spring I55 which is wound around the stud I48. One end of this .spring is hooked under lever I41 and the other end of this spring is hooked around one of the rods I9. The sleeve I53 has rigidly secured to it (Fig. 4) a ratchet segment or wheel which I have termed the time varyin ratchet segment and which is indicated by the reference numeral I55. This ratchet segment is provided with ratchet teeth I51. A spring I58 is secured to a pin I59 fast on said segment and to another pin This'spring serves to rotate the ratchet segment I55 in a counter-clockwise direction.

The ratchet segment I55 is operated by means of a pawl I52 (Fig. 3) which is constructed similar to the pawl H8 and which is pivoted on and operated by the eccentric 31. This pawl is urged into engagement with the teeth I51 .by means of the spring I2I, previously referred to. Operating in conjunction with the pawl I52 is a detent I53 which is rigidly secured to a sleeve I54 rotatably mounted on shaft I25. The sleeve I54 also carries an arm I55 by means of which the said sleeve may be rotated and the detent disengaged from the ratchet teeth I51 of the time varying ratchet segment I55. The detent I53 and the pawl I52 are so constructed that rotation of the sleeve I54 causes the detent I53 to engage pawl I52 and to simultaneously disengage both of these ratchet gear rack "I. This gear rack has rack teeth I12 adapted to mesh with the teeth of a spur pinion I13. The rack "I has attached to it the pin I45, previously referred to, and on which the arm I43 of cam I4I is pivoted. This pin has a uide the rack "I for vertical reciprocating move- I arm I43 of can MI.

ment. A leaf spring I14, best shownin Fig. "I, engages both. of the pins I and I13 and bears against the standard I58 and urges the rack I1I into frictional engagement with the standard I55, whereby the rack I" may be held in adjusted position. The standard I55 is constructed with an ear I15 which forms a bearing for a shaft I15. Spur pinion 213 is fast on the shaft I15 and is rotated by means thereof. The shaft further jour'naled in a bearing formed by drilling the plate I1. Shaft I15 extends outwardly beyond the plate I1 and has attached to it a knob I11. A compression coil spring I18, mounted on the protruding portion of shaft I15 engages plate l1 and knob I11 and maintains the spur pinion I13 up against the standardi55 where the same is in position to mesh with the teeth 212of rack "I. It will thus readily be comprehended that rack "I may be raised and lowered by turning knob I11. Movement of this rack raises and lowers the pin I45 which forms the fulcrum for the Such movement of the arm changes the position of the cam surface I42 so that, when the time measuring ratchet segment H5 is released, different periods of timing may be procured,

The actuating device J includes an actuating lever I8I shown in detail in Fig. 10. This lever is mounted upon the exterior of the plate I1 and is freely rotatable on the protruding end of shaft I25, being held in place thereon by means of a devices from engagement with the ratchet teeth. 7,

It will readily be comprehended that, as shaft 85 rotates, the ratchet segment I55 is given a stepby-step movement in a clockwise direction swinging from its direction as shown in Fig.4. At the same time the cam I52 is being rotated and the cam follower I43 shifted in position to allow the lever I41 to move upwardly. Upward movement of this lever swin the time varying cam I upw'ardly, varying the portion of the cam surface I42, which may be engaged by the pin I35.

The manual adjustment L is best shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Attached to the body portion I2 of base II is a standard I55 which is constructed with a flange I51 resting on said base and attached thereto by means of screws I58. The standard collar I82 attached to said shaft. The lever I8I has a finger piece I83, secured to the same, which is readily accessible for manual manipulation. A tension coil spring I81, secured at one end to a pin I88 on lever I8I and at its other end to a pin I89 fast on plate I1 serves to swing the lever I in a clockwise direction. Movement of lever I8I is terminated by means of a stop I9I also secured to plate I1. The lever I8I is disposed outwardly of the arm I21. On the lever I8I is formed a finger I92 which is adapted to engage arm I21 after the lever I8I has been rotated through a predetermined angle and to cause the shaft I25 to swing with it. Movement of the lever I8I in a counter-clockwise direction procures like movement of shaft I25. This causes the detent I25 to engage pawl H8 and both said detent and pawl to become disengaged from the ratchet teeth II1 of the time measuring ratchet segment I I5. This releases said segment and the said segment travels in a counter-clockwise direction until its movement is arrested by pin I35 engaging cam surface I42 of cam I.

The actuating lever I8I also serves to release the time varying ratchet segment I55. This is accomplished in the following manner: Inasmuch as the cam I4I determines the period through which the time measuring ratchet segment III operates, it is imperative that the position of the cam I be retained until after the pin I35 has engaged the cam surface I42 since the time varyingratchet segment I58 functions only after the time measuring ratchet segment 9 has to function. The release for the segment I56 is made to depend upon the position of the bread carriage H. The arm I65, previously referred to, which is attached to the sleeve I64 and operates detent I63 has pivoted to it an interlocking release member I93, bestshown in Fig. 3. This member is T--shaped in form having three arms, I94, I95 and I96. A rivet I91, passing through the arm I65 and arm I94, pivots the member I93 to arm I65. Attached to the arm I99 of member I93 is a pin I98 which extends through an opening I99 in plate I1. By means of this opening the pin I98 is free to move and the Interlocking member I 93 free to operate in its intended manner. .The arm I95 of member I 93 is constructed with a surface 20I which is adapted to be engaged by a pin 202, fast on an arm 203. Arm 293 is rigidly secured to a shaft 204 which is Joumaled in suitable bearings formed in the plates I6 and I1. The shaft 204, adjacent the plate I5, has attached to it another arm 205 which has rigidly secured to it a pin 206. Arm 295 is so designed that pin 206 is in the path of movement of lug 99 on bread carriage H. When the bread carriage H is lowered'this lugengages pin 295 and swings arm 205 from its position "shown in Fig. 6 to-that shown in Fig. 5. Correspondingly the arm 203 is moved from its position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3.

Through the nature of the interlocking release member I93, it becomes evident that not until both pin 292 and pin I98 are depressedwill the arm I95 be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction. If either of these pins are free the interlocking member I93 fails to function and arm I65 maintains its normal position. Arm I65 is urged towards its'position shown in Fig. 4 by means of a tension coil spring 200 which is hooked at one end to the arm I 65 and at its other end to a pin. 201, fast on plate I1. Thelever III is constructed with a cam 208 which is adapted toengage the pin I98 and move the same downwardly when the cam 208 engages said pin. V

For energizing the motor D a switch 2I I, Figs. 2 and 3, is employed. This switch comprises an Insulating block 2I2 which is attached to plate I1.

This block carries two leaf spring switch ele-' ments 2I3 and 2 I4 which have suitable contacts and which are connected in the motor circuit. Leaf spring 213 has :1. lug 2I5 of. insulating material secured to the same which is adapted to be en ged by the time varying ratchet segment I56. When this segment is in the position shown in Fig. -3 the switch 2 is open. When the segment I 56 moves away from the lug 2I5 switch 2I I becomes closed as shown in Fig. 4.

The operation of the invention is as follows: For the purpose of explaining the method of operation of the invention, it is desired to point out that toasters now in common use require different lengths of time for toasting the succeeding slices of bread inserted in the same, such periods varying with the length of time the toaster is allowed to cool between toasting operations. Where the toaster requires a predetermined period for the first-:slice,-an extremely short period will be required for the second slice it immediately placed in the toaster. L, however, the toaster is allowed to cool for a certain length of time 'before the second slice is inserted a period somewhere in between th minimum and maximum periods will be required. I have found that with a certain toaster the lengths of time the toaster is permitted to cool can be .accurately used to determine the necessary period for toasting when the toaster is used in ordinary room temperatures. The method of utilizing this time element in the determination of the toasting period will be more fully brought out in the following description of the operation of the I invention.

When the toaster is cold the various parts are arranged as shown in Fig. 2. In this figure both the time measuring ratchet segment I I6 and the time varying ratchet segment I56 are in their initial positions. In such case segment I56 engages lug 2I5 and holds the switch 2" open and segment II 6 engages link I34 and maintains the upper end of spring 98 in its uppermost position. Also bread carriage H is in its elevated position. The operator first places the bread slices in the ovens 3| and 32, the bread resting upon the supporting members 54 and 55 of the bread racks 5| and 52.

The operator in starting the toaster depresses the finger piece I83 on lever I 8| which causes lever I8I. to move in a counter-clockwise direction against the action of spring I81. As this lever anoves, cam 208 is first disengaged from pin I 98 which frees the interlocking member I 93 and prevents release of detent I63, thus maintaining the time varying ratchet segment I 56 in position. As movement of the lever I8I continues, finger I92 engages arm I21 and shaft I26 secured thereto commences to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. This rotation causes the detent I25 and pawl II 8 to become disengaged from the teeth I I1 of the time measuring ratchet segment II6. Due to the action of spring 2I6 ratchet segment I I6is moved from its position shown in Fig. 6 to its position shown in Fig. 5. Movement of the said ratchet segment is arrested when pin I36 engages the surface I 42 of cam I4I. Since the ratchet segment I56 is in its position shown in Fig. 2, cam foHower I49 is engaging a portion of the cam I-5I nearest stud I54 and lever I41 is hence in its uppermost position. Correspondingly arm I43 is in its uppermost position and pin I36 engages the heel of the cam I4I. Cam surface I42 spirals with respect to its pivot afforded by the stud I46, the lowermost or heel end of the cam being closer to the pivot than the upper or toe end of the cam. Segment H6 has now moved the maximum distance possible permitted by the setting of the manual adjustment L and is in a position to function for the maximum period of time for such setting.

As pin I36 moves with the ratchet segment H6, suport is removed for the link I34 and arm I3I drops to the position shown in Fig. 5. In-.

asmuch as this arm forms a support for the bread carriage H, the said bread carriage also drops and the lug 99 engages the catch IOI on the arm I02. Said catch is held in engagement with lug 99 through the leaf spring I06. At the same time the lug 99 engages pin 206 on arm 205,

which swings shaft 204 in a counter-clockwise direction. This moves the arm I of the interlocking member I 93 downwardly. However, pin I98, at this position of lever I8I, is disengaged from earn 208 and the interlocking member I93 moves without effecting movement of the arm I 65 which controls the detent I63. Therefore the time varying ratchet segment I 56 still remains in the position shown in Fig. 3.

As the bread carriage H travels downwardly the rounded corner II5 of plate 42 of bread carriage H engages cam H4 and moves the leaf spring I I I of switch I01 in a manner to close said switch. This the heating elements 56 of the toaster proper and heating of the toasting ovens 8| and 32 is initiated.

As soon as lever Ill ig'released, finger I92 becomes disengaged from arm I21 and the detent Iilandpawl II8 are releasedandareinaposition to function as soon as motor D is energized. The detent I26 andpawl II8 are now in engagement with teeth 1 of the time measuring ratchet segment III and will'prevent further counter-clockwise movement of the said segment. As the lever I8I is further moved cam 208 engages pin I88 and moves the said pin downwardly. Since the pin 262 has already been depressed through the action of arms 205 and 208 by lug O! on the bread carriage H movement of the pin I68 downwardly causes movement of arm I85 in a counter-clockwise direction which releases the detent I63 and pawl I62 from engagement with the teeth I51 of the time varying ratchet segment I56 permitting movement of.

,said segment as will be hereinafter described.

Movement of the time varying ratchet segment I66 causes movement of-cam I52 since the said two parts are connected together through sleeve I53. As the cam I52 rotates, the portion of the some, more remotely situated from the stud I51, engages cam follower I45 and swings lever I-I'I downwardly. This simultaneously swings arm Ill downwardly and moves the cam III downwardly. Segment I58 after release from pawl I62 and detent I68 is free to travel in a counterclockwise direction except as limited by the cam III engaging the pin I86. Upon release of the segment I56 the said segment initially moves a small amount to take up the play in the connection between lever in and arm Ill and in the connection between pin I45 and slot I. This movement is suiilcient to close switch 2 which energizes motor D. Motor!) now actuates eccentric 86 which operates the pawl H8 to move segment IIQ in'a clockwise direction. As said segment is so moved pin I36 is moved away from its position shown in Fig. 5, which permits the cam III to travel in a downward direction.

and the said ratchet segment remains-in its inoperative position. However, the pawl II8 and detent I25 being in engagement with the teeth III of the time measuring ratchet segment II6 a step-by-step movement is given to the same,

tending to move the same in a clockwise direction toward theposition shown in Fig. 6. During the period of time when the said segment is so moving, toasting of the bread within the toast ovens 5I and 52 is taking place. As soon as the head I31 of pin I36 engages the fork I35 of link I34 arm BI is moved upwardly. As this arm moves. upwardly, spring 98 is gradually being tensioned due to the fact that the lug 99 is engaged with the catch IIII and the bread carriage H held in its lowermost position. when the time measuring ratchet segment I I6 is moved to a sufllcient degree, abutment I38 engages finger I39 on arm I02 and moves the said arm in a manner to,disengage the catch Iii from the lug 98. Through the action of spring 98, which has now been sufficiently tensioned the bread carriage H is rapidly moved upwardly and the bread, which has now been toasted, is moved out of the toast ovens 5| and 52 a sufficient amount so that the'same may be manually grasped and removed from the toaster. As the corner [I5 of plate I42 of bread carriage H leaves the cam III, switch III! is opened and the heating elements of the toaster are de-energized. The entire toaster now commences to cool.

As soon as the bread carriage H is raised, lug 99 becomes disengaged from pin 206 on arm-205 and said arm, through the action of spring 200, is moved upwardly. If now additional slices of a bread are immediately placed in the toast ovens Spring I58 during movement of segment 6 urges segment III to move in a counterclockwise direction. This movement is controlled by the pin I86 and aftersegment II6 has moved a part of its total movement cam III is free from pin I36 and said cam and segment I56 occupy 7 Movement of the positions shown inFig. 4. ment I56 by spring I58 is terminated when said t strikes pin I6I. When such termination of movement occurs the upper or toe endofthesaidcamisinapositiontobeengaged by the pin I86 of the time measuring ratchet segment II6 when the same subsequently released. Due to the fact that the portion 0! the cam surface In spirals outwardly from. the aidso'f the stud lli, the time interval through which the time mmuring ratchet segment II6 would move would be considerably less than when thecam I is in its opposite position.

As the segment I56 leaves the lug 2I5, switch 2 is closed and motor D is energized. This sets in operation the of gearing connected thereto and both of the eccentrics 86 and 91 are operated which cause periodic reciprocations of the two pawls H8 and I62- Inasmuch as the detent I63 and pawl I62 are out of engagement with the teeth I5Lof the time varying ratchet segment I56 due to simultaneous depression of both the pins 262 and I88, the movement of pawl I62 has no eifect on the said ratchet segment and the bread carriage H released by again depressing the lever I8I through the fingerpiece I86 the cycle of operations will be repeated and the pin I36" will engage the surface I41 of cam I at a locality above its original position of engagement and permit the time measuring ratchet segment II6 to be retracted a smaller amount. As soon as the detent I25 and pawl II8 are set in operation, the time measuring ratchet segment II6 will then travel through a shorter arc and release the toast in a shorter time. It is thus possible through proper design of the cam Ill to procure the same results as with the toaster cold.

If however, the toaster is not immediate y used and is allowed to cool, then the detent I68 and pawl I82 commence to move the time varying ratchet segment I56 in a. clockwise direction. Suppose for instance, bread slices are inserted into the toast ovens beiore'the' time varying ratchet segment I56 reaches the position shown in Fig. 3, then the operation of the invention will be as follows: At such time the earn I will occupya position with respect to its extreme positions intermediate thereof and pin I36 will. when the ratchet segment 6 is released, engage cam surface I42 at a locality intermediate the heel and toe end thereof. when lever I8I is depresed, the same cycle of operations will occur excepting that the arc of travel of the time measuring ratchet segment II6 will have a direct relation'with respect to the time that the toaster had cooled so that the toasting period as determined by this ratchet segment I56 will be intermediatebetween the toasting period when the toaster is cool and when the toaster is fully heated- The cam Ill is so designed that the period thus procured is always proper to produce toast of the same brownness as when the toaster is operated either cooled or fully heated.

The extent of the arc of the segment I56 is sufllcient so that when the segment reaches its extreme position and opens switch 2| I the toaster is sufliciently cooled so that the brownness of the toast made in the toast ovens would be exactly the same as if the bread were inserted in a cold toaster. Therefore, when the segment reaches such position, the motor D is deenergized and the moving parts are then at rest and in the'position shown in Fig. 2. It will thus become readily apparent that toast of uniform color can be procured regardless of when the cycle of operation is initiated.

In the use of my invention the degree of brownness of the toast is determined by 'usting knob I". As this knob is rotated, gea rack "I may be raised and lowered through the pinion I13. Inasmuch as the arm I43, which carries cam I, is pivoted both to lever I41 and to the pin I45 it will become evident that raising and lowering gear rack III will swing the arm I43 on the stud I46 as a pivot, thereby raising and lowering the cam I. This proportionately varies the toasting period by limiting the degree of retraction of the time measuring ratchet segment II6. Flor each adjustment of the lever I43 through the knob Ill, pin I36 is caused to operate onva different zone of thecam surface I42. In other words, when light colored toast is desired pin I36 operates on a zone on the toe end of cam surface I42 and when dark toast is required the said pin operates on the said heel end of the cam surface. Adjustment of. the lever I43 by the manual adjustment L does not in any way interfere with the operation of the time measuring device F or the time varying device G which function in identically the same manner as'previously described.

Changes in the specific form of my invention, as herein disclosed, may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of my invention,

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination a periodically operable time measuring device, a time controlled, time varying device depending solely upon the lapse of time for varying the duration of the periods of time measured by said time measuring device and means for actuating said time varying device upon completion of a cycle of operation of said time measuring device. 2. In combination a periodically operable time measuring device includin a movable member movable uniformlyiin accordance with the lapse of time during a period of said time measuring device, variable limiting means for limiting the extent of the eflfective movement of said movable member, a second movable member movable uniformly in accordance with lapse of time and varying said limiting means, and means for initiating movement of said second movable member upon completion of a cycle of movement of said first movable member. 3. In combination a movable member capable of travel over varying distances along a certain path, means for moving said member at a predetermined rate of speed along said path, varying means for varying the distance traveled by said member along said path, a second movable member, means for moving said second movable member during successive cycles at the same predetermined rate of speed, means for actuating said second movable member upon said first movable member reaching a certain position inits path oi travel and means for operating said varying means from said second movable member in accordance with the rate of movement thereof.

4. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, means for moving said movable member in the reverse direction, shiftable limit means for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member, a second movable member, means for progressively moving said second movable member at a uniform rate of speed, means for rendering said last named means operable upon said first movable member reaching a predetermined position along its path of travel, and meansoperated by said second movable member for shifting said limit means to vary the extent of travel of said first movable member in definite relation with respect to the extent of travel of said second movable member.

.5. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, means for moving said movablemember in the reverse direction, a movable cam for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member and shiftable to arrest movement of said movable member at various positions along its path of travel, a second movable member, means for progressively moving said second movable member at a uniform rate of speed, means for rendering said last named means operable upon said first movable member reaching a predetermined position along its path of travel and means operated by said second movable member for shifting said cam to vary the extent of travel of said first movable member in definite relation with respect to the extent of travel of said second movable member.

6. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, means for moving said movable member in the reverse direction, a pivoted member having portions thereof adapted to be independently engaged to limit movement of said movable member in the reverse direction of movement thereof and at diiferent' positions in its path of movement, a second movable member, means for progressively moving said second movable member at a uniform rate of speed, means for rendering said last named means operable upon said first movable member reaching a predeterminedposition along its path of travel and means operated by said second movable member for swinging said pivoted member to vary the extent of travel of said first movable member in definite relation in respect to the extent of travel of said second movable member.

7. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, means for moving said movable member in the reverse direction, a stop movable in conformity with the imovement of said movable member, a. pivoted present different portions thereof for engagement with said stop to vary the position to which said movable member is arrested, a second movable member, means for progressively moving said second movable member at a uniform rate of speed, means for initiating operation of said last named means upon said first movable member reaching a predetermined position along its path of travel and means operated by said second movable member for swinging said camto expose diiierent portions of the surface thereof for engagement with said stop to vary the extent of travel of said first movable member with definite relation to the extent of'travel of said second movable member.

8. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, means for moving said movable member in the reverse direction, a stop movable in conformity with the movement of said movable member, a pivoted cam having a cam surface adapted to be positioned in the path of movement of said stop to present different portions thereof for engagement with said stop to vary the position-to which said movable member is'arrested, a second movable member, means for progressively moving said second movable member, means for rendering said last named means operable upon said first movable member reaching a predetermined position along its path of travel, a cam operated by said second movable member and means moved by said second cam and connected to said first cam for swinging said first cam to cause said stop to engage different portions of said first'cam to vary the extent of travel of the first movable member.

9. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, means for moving said movable member in the reverse direction, a stop movable in conformity with the movement of said movable member, a pivoted cam having a cam surface adapted to be positioned in the path of movement of said stop to present different portions thereof for engagement with said stop to vary the position to which said movable member is arrested, a second movable member, means for progressively moving said second movable member, means for rendering said last named means operable upon said first mov-.

able member reaching a predetermined position along its path of travel, a pivoted lever connected to said cam, a second cam movable with said second movable member and means on said lever for engaging said second cam operating to swing said first cam and vary the extent of travel of the first movable member.

10. Incombination, a ratchet wheel capable of travel in opposite directions, a pawl for progressively moving said wheel in one direction. a detent engageable with said ratchet wheel and restraining reverse movement thereof, means for rendering said pawl and detent inoperable, resilient means for moving said ratchet ,wheel in the reverse direction upon the pawl and detent becoming inoperable, an abutment movable in conformity with the movement of said ratchet wheel, a pivoted cam having a cam surface adapted to be engaged try-said abutment, said cam being movable to present diflerent portions of tent for restraining reverse movement of said second ratchet wheel, means for rendering said second pawl inoperative to move said second ratchet wheel, means operated by said first ratchet wheel for rendering said last named means operative whereby said second pawl is caused to move said second ratchet wheel, said last'named means becoming efiective when the first ratchet wheel has been progressively moved to a certain locality in its course of movement and means operated by said second ratchet wheel for swinging said cam to progressively shift the cam surface thereof with respect to the path of movement of said abutment in definite relation with respect to the travel of said second ratchet wheel.

11. In combination, a ratchet wheel capable of travel in opposite directions, a pawl for progressively moving said wheel in one direction, a detent engageable with said ratchet wheel and restraining reverse movement thereof, means for rendering said pawl and detent inoperable, resilient means for moving said ratchet wheel in the reverse direction upon the pawl and detent becoming inoperable, an abutment movable in conformity with the movement of said ratchet wheel, a pivoted cam having a cam surface adapted to be engaged by said abutment, said cam being movable to present different portions of said cam surface for engagement with said abutment, a second ratchet wheel, a pawl for progressively moving said second ratchet wheel, a detent for restraining reverse movement of said second 12. In a food cooker, heating means, a constant speed time controlled device for controllin the operation of said heating means, a-second constant speed time controlled device and means subject to the operation of said second time controlled device for controlling the operation of said first time controlled device.

13. In a food cooker, heating means, a constant speed time controlled device for terminating energization of said heating means, a second constant speed time controlled device and means subject to the operation of said second time controlled device for controlling the operation of said first time controlled device.

14. Incombination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite direcfions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path,

means for moving said movable member in the reverse direction, a pivoted member having portions thereof adapted to be independently engazed to limit movement of said movable memher in the reverse direction of movement thereof and at different positions in its path of move ment, a second movable member, means for progressivelv'moving said second movable member,

said means for rendering said last named means open able upon said first movable member reaching.

a predetermined position along its path of travel, said pivoted member having two pivotal connections, an adjustable support for oneof said pivotal connections and means operated by said second movable member and connected to the other pivotal connection for shifting said pivoted member to vary the extent of travel of said first member, said last named means operating to present difl'erent portions of said pivoted member for action' when the support for the other pivotal connection is adjusted.

In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, means for moving said movable member in the reverse direction, shiftable limit means for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member, a

second movable member, means for progressively moving said second movable member, means for rendering said last named means operable upon said first movable memberreaching a predetermined position along its path of travel, means operated by said second movable member for shitting saidlimit means to va-ry'the extent of travel of said first movable member in definite relation with respect to the extent of travel oi said second movable member, and means for looking said second movable member in moved position while said first movable member is being moved in reverse direction.

16. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, a movable device controlled thereby, motive means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position insaid path, re-

silient means for moving said movable member in reverse direction, shiftable limit means for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member, a second movable member for shifting said limit means, motive means for progressively moving said second movable member in one direc tion, means for rendering said last named means operable upon reverse movement of said first movable member, resilient means for moving said second movable member in reverse direction, a release for releasing both of said movable members to'be moved in reverse direction by the resilient means, and means controlled by said movable device for rendering said release .means inoperable as to said second movable member until initiation of operation of said first movable member.

17 In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite'directions along a certain path, motive means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, resilient means for moving said member in reverse direction, shiftable limit means for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member, a second movable member for shifting said limit means, motive means for progressively moving sa d second movable member in one direction, resilient means for moving said second movable member in the opposite direction, means for rendering said last named motive means operable upon reverse .movement of said first movable member, and a release for said second movable member operable upon initiation of movement of said first named motive means.

18. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, motive means for progressively moving said member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path,

resilient means for moving said movable member in reverse direction, shiftable limit means for limiting 'the reverse movement of said movable member, a second movable member for shifting said limit means, motive means for progressively moving said second movable member in one direction, means for rendering said last named means operable upon reverse movement of said first movable member, resilient means for moving said second movable member in reverse direction, a latch for-latching said first movable member against movement by said first resilient means, a second latch for latching said second movable member against movement by said second resilient means, a movable release member, said release member operating to first release said first latch to free said first movable member for movement up to said limit means and subsequently after actuation of said first motive means releasing said second latch.

19. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, a movable device controlled thereby, motive means for progressively moving said movable member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path,

resilient means for moving said movable member in reverse direction, shiitable limit means for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member, a second movable member for shifting said limit'means, motive means for progressively moving said second movable member in one direction, means for rendering said last named motive means operable upon reverse-movement of said first movable member, resilient means for moving said second movable member in reverse direction, a latch for latching said first movable member against movement by said first resilient means, a second latch for latching said second movable member against movement by said second resilient means, a movable-release member, said release member operating to first release said first latch to free said first movable member for movement up to said limit means and upon actuation of said first motive means to subsequently release said second latch, said movable device when in one position rendering said release device inoperative to release said second latch.

20, In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, a movable device controlled thereby, mo-

tive means for progressively moving said movable r member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path,

resilient means for moving said movable member in reverse direction, shiftable limit means for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member, a second movable member for shifting said limit means, motive means for progressively moving said second movable member in one member against movement by said second resilient means, a movable release member, an interlocking device acting between said second latch, said release member and said movable device, said release member upon movement to one position releasing said first latch to cause said first movable member to move up to said limit means, said release member when occupying another position and said movable device when occupying one of its positions releasing said second latch.

21. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, a movable device controlled thereby, motive means for progressively moving said movable member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another position in said path, resilient means for moving said movable member in reverse direction, shiftable limit means'for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member, a second movable member for shifting said limit means, motive means for progressively moving said second movable member in one direction, means for rendering said last named means operable upon reverse movement of said first movable member, resilient means for moving said second movable member in reverse direction, a latch for latching said first movable member against movement by said first resilient means, a second latch for latching said second movable member against movement by said second resilient means, a'movable release member, a T-shaped interlocking member having a stem and outwardly diverging arms, said stem being pivoted to a part movable with said second latch,

means on said movable device for engaging one" of said arms, and means on said release member for engaging the other of said arms, simultaneous engagement of said arms serving to release said second latch.

22. In combination, a periodically operable time measuring device including a movable member movable uniformly in accordance with the lapse of time during a period of said time measuring device, variable limiting means for limiting the extent of the effective movement of said movable member, a second movable member movable uniformly in accordance with lapse of time and varying said limiting means, means for initiating movement of said second movable member upon completion of a cycle of movement of said first movable member, and resilient means for returning the second movable member to normal position upon initiation of movement of the first movable member.

23. In combination, a movable member capable of travel in opposite directions along a certain path, means for progressively moving said movable member in one direction from any position in its path of travel to another'position in said path, means for moving said movable member in the reverse direction, shiftable limit means for limiting the reverse movement of said movable member, a second movable member, motive means for progressively moving said second movable member in one direction, resilient means for moving said second movable member in the other direction, means for rendering said motive means operable upon said first movable member reaching a predetermined position along its path of travel, means operated by said second movable member for shifting said limit means to vary the extent of travel of said first movable member, and means for transferring control of said second movable member from said motive means to said resilient means for instantly re-setting said second movable member upon initiation of operation of said first movable member.

24. In combination, a periodically operable time measuring device including a movable member movable uniformly in accordance with the lapse of time during a period of said time measuring device, variable limiting means for limiting the extent of the efiective movement of said movable member, a second movable member, motive means for moving said second movable member in one direction in accordance with the lapse of time, resilient means for moving said second movable member rapidly in the opposite direction, means for rendering said motive means operative to move said second movable member in one direction upon completion of a cycle of movement of said first movable member, and means for transferring control from said motive means to said resilient means upon initiation of movement of said first movable member.

25. In combination, a periodically operable time measuring device including a movable member, a time controlled time varying device for varying the duration of the periods of timameasured by said time measuring device and including a movable member and a common motive means for moving both of said movable members.

26. In combination, a periodically operable time measuring device including a movable member, a time controlled, time varying device for varying the duration of the periods of time measured by said time measuring device and including a movable member, a common motive means adapted to be connected to either of said movable members to move the same throughout the timed movement thereof and means for connecting said motive means first to one of said movable members and then to the other of said movable members.

27. In combination, a periodically operable time measuring device including a movable member, a time controlled, time varying device for varying the duration of the periods of time measured by said time measuring device and including a movable member, a common motive means adapted to be connected to either of said movable members to move the same throughout the timed movement thereof and means for connecting said motive means first to the movable member of said time measuring device and subsequently to the movable member of the time varying device.

28. In combination, a periodically operable time measuring device, a time varying device having a movable member for varying the duration of the periods of time measured by said time measuring device and means for moving said movable member at each cycle for successive increments of space at the same predetermined time intervals for each cycle.

ROBERT SARDESON. 

